CIDA Project information supporting innovative, cutting edge ideas, the Research Innovation Fund (RIF) provides seed grants for cross-college collaborative projects.
Models are an effective tool to assess microbiological spoilage in food systems. Accurate identification and phenotypic characterization of spoilage bacteria can aid in the construction of these models. This project focuses on the development of an in silico method to predict spoilage phenotypes based on allelic types (ATs) allowing for quick identification of bacterial characteristics that influence spoilage. A database built from collected data from spinach and milk will allow for rapid assessment of spoilage phenotypes in food products using targeted sequencing methods.
This research addresses the complex challenges associated with operating such vertical farms in plant factories. The project focuses on automation for energy management and maximization of natural resources using techniques based on artificial intelligence (AI) that help to optimize the microclimate in plant factories. Due to scarcity of environmental data available, reinforcement learning based AI algorithms will be used to develop an optimal microclimate control scheme that focuses on maximizing yield while minimizing energy cost and pesticide usage.
Consumer behavior, and regulations that anticipate that behavior, are integral components in food safety and disease prevention. Listeriosis, caused by food-borne pathogens, is particularly concerning in pregnant women and can cause miscarriage and fetal death. There are currently no FDA guidelines regarding Listeria monocytogenes (LM) contamination in frozen foods. This research investigates how women of childbearing age prepare frozen vegetable products to assess consumer behaviors that could be risky for LM exposure. To study frozen vegetable preparation and what factors influence this behavior, a questionnaire survey will be developed and distributed using the Google Survey Methodology (after obtaining research approval from Cornel IRB).
Automating strawberry picking is the holy grail of agriculture. It is backbreaking work, the point at which you pick the strawberry is highly variable, and requires delicate touch when pulling. Soft robotics is a technology that has been developed over the past decade and can potentially solve this problem. Dr. Pritts is an expert in strawberry agriculture, and Dr. Shepherd is an expert in soft actuation and sensing. This work will finally explore the potential for soft robotics to solve this critical agricultural need by creating robotic manipulators that can pluck strawberries at high yield.
The quality of most root and tuber crops is based on the amount of dry matter content and relates inversely to the amount of water content. This research proposes to apply a novel approach to above-ground measurement techniques through the use of a non-destructive surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) system. This less invasive approach will measure water and dry content in cassava in different settings – laboratory, greenhouses, and fields – as well as across the growing cycle. Additionally, the project will explore increasing the sensitivity of the SNMR receiver and reducing the drive current required for the SNMR transmitter in order to reduce the size and power consumption of SNMR systems and make field deployment viable for farmers and researchers alike.
The use of Nitrogen fertilizers in moderation can promote plant growth and boost crop yield, while in excess it can be harmful to the plant and the environment. By developing a system that can accurately capture the height of plants in a field, we can compare the rate of growth of different crops in response to N treatment and find the optimal time and amount of N to apply. An array of laser diodes paired with photoresistors will simulate a gate of light and through programming we can detect if the gates are either closed or open. This system works well in a controlled environment but in a natural environment, reflections from other surfaces and on a particularly bright day when there is a lot of natural light, are challenging. Throughout the 10 weeks of summer we will test new methods to improve sensor data.
Current plant disease detection frameworks are inefficient and inaccurate because they primarily rely on human detection via scouting – the process of physically visiting a field and looking for disease. By the time disease is discovered, the period of time when management intervention would be most effective has long passed. My research with the Gold lab combines remote sensing, high resolution satellite imagery, with environmental data to optimize disease detection in vineyards. Throughout the course of our project, I will design a novel disease prediction scheme that combines DMCast, an existing disease risk model, with spectroscopic imagery within a deep learning architecture. Once trained on historical data, this model can be integrated into computer vision techniques that extract insights from satellite imagery, creating a powerful framework for the future of vineyard disease management.
The proposed work will integrate automated monitoring of wild and managed pollinators with cutting-edge robotic pollination, laying the groundwork for a bio-hybrid system capable of observing, predicting, and improving yield in pollen-limited crops. Specific innovations include durable, low power insect camera traps, mobile end-effectors for local electrostatic pollination, rapid cross-pollination by quadcopters, and growth models conveyed to the farmer through an online app. These technologies will be validated with strawberry plants over several bloom cycles in the greenhouse, and through field experiments in a commercial farm. Short term, these technologies can be seamlessly integrated into current farm practices. Long term, they may be managed by automated schedulers to ensure optimal yield long before harvest. In a broader sense, this research opens a new frontier in precision agriculture, where robots not only have the intelligence to overcome the challenges of field deployment, but can operate as part of the natural ecosystem around crop plants.
Soil, the microbiome, and plant roots represent a critical frontier in agricultural science and practice. The opacity, heterogeneity, and dynamic nature of soils have severely limited in situ studies, phenotyping, and precise interventions as part of soil and crop management. Here, we will develop two innovations to access real-time information about the availability and flow of water in the rhizosphere: 1) a sensing strategy to provide sub-millimeter resolution of water relations (potential, content, and conductance) within the rhizosphere, in situ; and 2) a soil-swimming robot to provide semi-autonomous exploration of the root zone with multiple sensing modalities. We will pursue experiments with our emerging capabilities guided by scientific questions about roots and rhizosphere to drive new approaches to field-based phenotyping and management of irrigation and fertigation. The technology will lead to improved management of grain, horticultural, ornamental and tree cropping systems. Our project emphasizes a systems-based, trans-disciplinary approach and seeks to enhance and apply new innovations and technology to include below-ground phenotyping (e.g. rhizosphere plant-soil interactions), sensor technology (e.g., real time soil water flux), robotics (e.g., spatio-temporal environmental sampling).
Apple orchards suffer from large numbers of diseases that can incur serious damage to trees, fruits, and the industry. Effective disease control methods rely on accurate, early diagnostics to implement successful and environmentally-sound management. As disease symptoms vary widely due to age of infected tissues, genetic variations, and light conditions within trees, it is challenging for computer vision models to accurately distinguish between the symptoms of different diseases. Our team of plant pathologists, phenotyping experts and computer vision scientists will develop computer vision models to accurately distinguish between the symptoms of many diseases that can incur serious damage to fruits and fruit trees. We will develop user-friendly apps to enable extension educators and consultants to support growers, and empower them to independently scout their orchards and provide accurate early diagnostics as the basis for successful and environmentally-sound disease management. Based on this work, we aim to lead a global challenge competition in the Fine Grained Visual Classification (FGVC) workshop at the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2020 conference to find novel solutions to major challenges in computer vision.
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